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Is stone wool dangerous?

4 min read · Written by our team · Updated 26 Sept 2026

Gloved hands in long sleeves holding a stone wool slab, with a dust mask and safety goggles on the bench beside it.
In short

Stone wool (rock wool) is not asbestos. Stone wool is a man-made fibre spun from molten rock; asbestos is a naturally occurring mineral fibre that is restricted or banned in many countries. In 2001 the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) placed insulation stone wool and glass wool in Group 3 (not classifiable as to carcinogenicity to humans). The fibres can still cause temporary irritation of the skin, eyes and airways during installation, so wear protective equipment.

How are they different?

Stone woolAsbestos
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OriginMan-made: molten rock spun into fibresNaturally occurring mineral fibre
Use todayThermal, acoustic and fire insulationRestricted or banned in many countries
Thai nameใยหินแร่ใยหิน

The Thai names are very similar, which is why the two are often confused.

IARC classification

IARC Monographs Volume 81 (evaluated 2001, published 2002) classified "insulation glass wool, rock (stone) wool and slag wool" in Group 3. Some other fibres, such as refractory ceramic fibres, remain in Group 2B. For any specific product, check the manufacturer's safety data sheet (SDS).

Handling during installation

Protective equipment

  • Wear gloves, long sleeves and long trousers
  • Wear eye protection and a dust mask, especially when cutting or working overhead
  • Cut with a knife rather than high-speed tools that create dust
  • Keep the area ventilated and clean up with a vacuum
  • Rinse skin with cold water after work

Sources

  • IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans, Volume 81: Man-made Vitreous Fibres (2002)
  • Manufacturers' safety data sheets (SDS) for each product

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